Lebanon is a very small city located in the state of Illinois. With a population of 4,571 people and two associated neighborhoods, Lebanon is the 358th largest community in Illinois. Lebanon has seen a significant amount of newer housing growth in recent years. Quite often, new home construction is the result of new residents moving in who are middle class or wealthier, attracted by jobs, a healthy local economy, or other amenities as they leave nearby or far away areas for greener pastures. This seems to be the case in Lebanon, where the median household income is $84,766.00.

There are quite a few people in the armed forces living in Lebanon, and when you visit or drive around town, you will see military people in and out of uniform, shopping, enjoying life, and being part of the community.

A relatively large number of people in Lebanon telecommute to their jobs. Overall, about 24.21% of the workforce works from home. While this may seem like a small number, as a fraction of the total workforce it ranks among the highest in the country. These workers are often telecommuters who work in knowledge-based, white-collar professions. For example, Silicon Valley has large numbers of people who telecommute. Other at-home workers may be self-employed people who operate small businesses out of their homes.

Lebanon is a small town with a large college student population. Because of this, there is a real youthful, hip vibe to the place, and much of the life in the town is centered on the college. This has helped Lebanon to buck the trend of other small towns that have suffered declining populations over the past 20 to 30 years. Spending by students, and faculty and staff jobs, are a big part of the local economy.

The education level of Lebanon ranks among the highest in the nation. Of the 25-and-older adult population in Lebanon, 40.01% have at least a bachelor's degree. The typical US community has just 21.84% of its adults holding a bachelor's degree or graduate degree.

The per capita income in Lebanon in 2022 was $39,189, which is upper middle income relative to Illinois and the nation. This equates to an annual income of $156,756 for a family of four. However, Lebanon contains both very wealthy and poor people as well.

Lebanon is a very ethnically-diverse city. The people who call Lebanon home describe themselves as belonging to a variety of racial and ethnic groups. The greatest number of Lebanon residents report their race to be White, followed by Black or African-American. Important ancestries of people in Lebanon include German, English, Irish, Italian, and Scots-Irish.

The most common language spoken in Lebanon is English. Other important languages spoken here include German/Yiddish and Spanish.