Lebanon is a very small city located in the state of Illinois. With a population of 4,614 people and two associated neighborhoods, Lebanon is the 358th largest community in Illinois. Much of the housing stock in Lebanon was built relatively recently. The construction of new real estate can often be taken as an indication that the local Lebanon economy is robust, and that jobs or other amenities are attracting an influx of new residents. This seems to be the case in Lebanon, where the median household income is $86,548.00.

There are quite a few people in the armed forces living in Lebanon, and when you visit or drive around town, you will see military people in and out of uniform, shopping, enjoying life, and being part of the community.

Telecommuters are a relatively large percentage of the workforce: 18.45% of people work from home. While this number may seem small overall, as a fraction of the total workforce it is high relative to the nation. These workers are often telecommuters who work in knowledge-based, white-collar professions. For example, Silicon Valley has large numbers of people who telecommute. Other at-home workers may be self-employed people who operate small businesses out of their homes.

Lebanon is a small town with a large college student population. Because of this, there is a real youthful, hip vibe to the place, and much of the life in the town is centered on the college. This has helped Lebanon to buck the trend of other small towns that have suffered declining populations over the past 20 to 30 years. Spending by students, and faculty and staff jobs, are a big part of the local economy.

The education level of Lebanon citizens is very high relative to the national average among all cities (21.84%): 38.60% of adults in Lebanon have a bachelor's degree or even advanced degree.

The per capita income in Lebanon in 2018 was $34,375, which is middle income relative to Illinois and the nation. This equates to an annual income of $137,500 for a family of four. However, Lebanon contains both very wealthy and poor people as well.

Lebanon is a somewhat ethnically-diverse city. The people who call Lebanon home describe themselves as belonging to a variety of racial and ethnic groups. The greatest number of Lebanon residents report their race to be White, followed by Black or African-American. Important ancestries of people in Lebanon include German, English, Irish, Italian, and French.

The most common language spoken in Lebanon is English. Other important languages spoken here include German/Yiddish and Spanish.